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Friday, October 25, 2019

Musonius Rufus, Lectures 1.1


Lecture 1: That there is no need of giving many proofs for one problem.

Once when discussion turned upon proofs or demonstrations, such as beginners must learn from their teachers of philosophy in gaining a mastery of whatever they are studying, Musonius said that there was no sense in seeking many proofs for each point, but rather cogent and lucid ones.

Thus just as the physician who prescribes many drugs for his patients deserves less praise than the one who succeeds in helping them with a few, so the philosopher who teaches his pupils with the use of many proofs is less effective than the one who leads them to the desired goal with few.

And the pupil too, the quicker his intelligence, the fewer proofs he will require, and the sooner he will assent to the conclusion of the argument in question, provided it be sound. But those who require proofs at every point, even where the matter is perfectly clear, or demand to have demonstrated at length things that could be explained briefly are completely inept and dull-witted.

I spent most of my time in academia studying the philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas, hardly a popular figure these days, unless you are a medievalist or traditional Catholic. So my ears perked up when I overheard a student in the hallway loudly proclaiming, “Aquinas is the best philosopher ever, and I’ll tell you why!” This was going to be interesting.

“See, other philosophers may have one, or maybe two, proofs for the existence of God, but Aquinas has five!”

I didn’t know if I should laugh or cry. I will always insist that Aquinas is one the greatest minds there ever was, but that is hardly the reason. More isn’t better, better is better. Quantity never trumps quality. Give me clarity and simplicity first and foremost, and let me not be tempted to think that verbosity and complexity are somehow praiseworthy in themselves.

I immediately think of Ockham’s Razor. Principles should not be multiplied beyond necessity, or, in more common terms, keep it simple, and don’t make it more confusing than it has to be. You will recognize a sharp mind when it gets straight to the point, a dull mind when it gets caught up in complications and footnotes.

Apparently doctors haven’t changed that much, because I will still find myself leaving the specialist’s office with twenty prescriptions, all with long names and big price tags, and not a one seems to make me feel any better. Then I meet the old GP who tells me to go for a long walk every day, and suddenly the spring is back in my step.

I did not need to give my wife twenty different reasons for why she should marry me, complete with a PowerPoint presentation and a projection of my future earning power. “I love you” was more than sufficient.

Hire just as many men as are actually needed to do the job, not as many men as can possibly be paid to supervise, do more paperwork, and criticize everyone else’s productivity. Efficiency and bureaucracy stand in sharp contrast to one another.

The truth of the matter is really what comes first, and everything else comes a distant second. More or less are only relevant when measured in the service of true or false, of right or wrong. Ask only enough for what is required.

As a student I would grit my teeth in frustration when my peers would talk on and on, just to hear themselves talking. As a teacher, I became a bit more patient, and I would try to gently steer the conversation back on track, but I still sigh when I think of all the wasted hours, throwing around abstract complexities, just because they made us feel more important.

They weren’t revealing how profound we were; they were hiding how confused we were.

Written in 2/1999


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